In business today it is argued that the greatest competitive advantage is to be obtained from people rather than technology. Pfeffer (1999) contends that investment in technology is not enough because technology will soon be available to competitors, and the more advanced technology becomes the greater the need for skilled people will be.For over two decades the term Human Resource Management (HRM) has been used to describe people management practices and the need to utilise the human resource of any business.This essay will attempt to examine if this has altered and if so why. There seems to be no single definition of the term Human Resource Management that is accepted by all, as it is a concept that means different things to different people depending on how it is understood and applied, and what its objectives and aims are